Plastic surgery has evolved significantly since its early beginnings in ancient India, where techniques like skin grafts were used for reconstructive purposes. Through the Middle Ages and Renaissance, continued experimentation improved upon these methods. In the 19th and 20th centuries, wars and industrial accidents led to further advancements in reconstructive surgery to help injured soldiers and workers. The introduction of anesthesia, sterile techniques, and better surgical instruments improved patient outcomes. Today, plastic surgery encompasses both reconstructive and cosmetic procedures, heavily relying on technological advancements like lasers, 3D imaging, and minimally invasive techniques to achieve optimal results.